Mahyar Riahi; Kazem Parivar; Javad Baharara; Reza Zandi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , 2020
Abstract
Background: The major function of the bone in the skeletal system is to provide structural support to the body and its vital organs. Many patients suffer from the disability to restore bone lesions following bone fractures during crashes or accidents. The use of mesenchymal stem cells such as adipose-derived ...
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Background: The major function of the bone in the skeletal system is to provide structural support to the body and its vital organs. Many patients suffer from the disability to restore bone lesions following bone fractures during crashes or accidents. The use of mesenchymal stem cells such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), along with collagen scaffolds, and its transfer to the lesion site can be valued as one of the available treatment options.
Objectives: In the current paper, a study was conducted on the level of mesenchymal stem cell repair from the rat adipocytes, where it was evaluated in bone defects.
Methods: In this study, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the rat adipocytes and their stem cell lines were determined with the standard cell tests. The isolated cells were differentiated in the next step and transferred to the two main groups: nicotine modeled and non-modeled (non-nicotine) along with collagens. The repair of the defect caused by a 2 mm drill in the diaphyseal region of the rat bone was evaluated after four weeks using radiographic examination and histopathologic staining.
Results: Radiographic data analysis indicated that bone density was much higher in the non-nicotine group than in the nicotine group. Histopathologic staining showed that bone formation was higher in the non-nicotine group than in the nicotine group. The new bone formation was about 80% and 60% in the non-nicotine and nicotine groups with differentiated osteocytes of ADMSCs, respectively.
Conclusions: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is effective in bone defect repair and nicotine plays an important role in the bone repair process as an inhibitory agent.
Elaheh Gholami Roudmajani; Nasim Hayati Roodbari; Mahdi Goudarzvand; Kazem Parivar
Volume 22, Issue 2 , 2020
Abstract
Background: Prenatal maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure causes behavioral deficits in adulthood. LPS-exposure cause oxidative damage and cytokines production. In contrast, astaxanthin (Ast) is a carotenoid antioxidant that shows protective effects through its antioxidant capacity.
Objectives: This ...
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Background: Prenatal maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure causes behavioral deficits in adulthood. LPS-exposure cause oxidative damage and cytokines production. In contrast, astaxanthin (Ast) is a carotenoid antioxidant that shows protective effects through its antioxidant capacity.
Objectives: This study investigates the effect of prenatal treatment with astaxanthin on the behavioral deficit (including sexual, depressive, and anxiety-like behavior) caused by prenatal maternal LPS in adult male offspring.
Methods: Pregnant mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: (1) control, (2) LPS: injecting with LPS (20 µg/kg, sc.) on gestation day 11, (3) Ast: receiving astaxanthin (4 mg/kg for 3 days, i.p.) on 11 - 13th gestation day, (4) LPS+Ast: injecting with LPS (20 µg/kg, sc.) on gestation day 11 and receiving astaxanthin (4 mg/kg for 3 days, i.p.) on 11 - 13th gestation day. Then in each group, 23 day old male offspring (3 and 12 male children from each mother and group, respectively) were separated from mothers and then the sexual, depressive and anxiety-like behaviors were examined in adult male mice.
Results: Findings showed that prenatal LPS-exposed mice had more anxiety and spent less time in open arms of the elevated plus-maze test (P < 0.05). In addition, it decreased sexual behaviors, the amount of which was significant in the number of sniffing, following behaviors (P < 0.01). Also, there was no significant difference between different groups in the forced swimming test (P < 0.05). On the other hand, prenatal treatment with astaxanthin significantly elevated the percentage of open arm time and open arm entry, without altering in locomotor activity (P < 0.05). Also, it significantly increased sexual behavior in Ast and LPS+Ast groups (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The obtained results suggest that prenatal maternal exposure to LPS impaired several aspects of male sexual behavior and resulted in behavioral deficits in adulthood, while astaxanthin has an antianxiety effect and improves the deficits of sexual behavior presumably via its antioxidant property.
Zahra Farahani; Kazem Parivar; Nasim Hayati Roodbari; Mona Farhadi
Volume 22, Issue 2 , 2020
Abstract
Background: Cancer is currently the second leading cause of death worldwide that is originated from cell growth and proliferation without control. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the types of leukemia that affects lymphocyte maturation and it is common among children. Silver nanoparticles ...
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Background: Cancer is currently the second leading cause of death worldwide that is originated from cell growth and proliferation without control. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the types of leukemia that affects lymphocyte maturation and it is common among children. Silver nanoparticles are considered one of the targeted chemotherapy methods by creating cytotoxicity.
Objectives: In this research, a comparative study of cytotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles was evaluated on human lymphocytes and HPB-ALL cell line as an in vitro study.
Methods: In this experimental study, lymphocytes and HPB-ALL cell line were exposed to silver nanoparticles at RPMI 1640 medium culture in order to assess toxicity for 24 hours. To this aim, MTT assay was used to evaluate the toxicity of the silver nanoparticles. DNA fragmentation and apoptosis were evaluated by Gel Electrophoresis and Flow Cytometry, respectively. Moreover, quantitative PCR was performed on bax, bcl-2, and caspase-9 genes.
Results: The results of MTT assay showed IC50 values of silver nanoparticles were 5.87 and 2.68 ?g/mL for lymphocytes and HPB-ALL cell line, respectively. The results showed that silver nanoparticles could split DNA of the HPB-ALL cell line more than DNA of the lymphocytes during DNA fragmentation. Flow Cytometry results indicated that the early apoptosis was 6.04% and 22.75% in lymphocytes and HPB-ALL cell line, respectively. Moreover, Q-PCR results showed a significant up-regulation of caspase-9 and bax genes and downregulation of bcl-2 gene in comparison to the control group.
Conclusions: The silver nanoparticles had cytotoxic effects on the lymphocytes and HPB-ALL cell line. The results showed that the silver nanoparticle had a significant cytotoxic effect on HPB-ALL cell line.
Fereshte Mahdizade Valojerdi; Bahram Goliaei; Kazem Parivar; Alireza Nikoofar
Volume 21, Issue 4 , 2019, Pages 1-9
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is an important cause of death among women. Prevention of cancer through dietary intervention has recently received increasing interest. Lately, dietary polyphenols have gained much attention for their health benefits, including anticancer properties. Dalbergin as a polyphenol ...
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Background: Breast cancer is an important cause of death among women. Prevention of cancer through dietary intervention has recently received increasing interest. Lately, dietary polyphenols have gained much attention for their health benefits, including anticancer properties. Dalbergin as a polyphenol is synthesized from a common neoflavene intermediate.Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether dalbergin can be useful in the chemotherapy of estrogen receptor-positive T47D cell line.Methods: This experimental study was performed at the Laboratory of Biophysics and Molecular Biology, the Institute of Biochem- istry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, from October 2017 to November 2019. The doubling time of T47D cells was obtained from the growth curve. The cytotoxic effect of dalbergin on T47D breast cancer cells was evaluated. To assess the clonogenic ability, T47D cells were treated with dalbergin for 48 hours and then, the colony assay was performed. A Real-Time PCR was used to determine the transcription levels of p53, Bcl-2, and STAT3 genes.Results: The doubling time of T47D cells was 28.02 ± 4.22 hours (P < 0.05). Dalbergin decreased the viability of the T47D cell line. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of dalbergin for T47D cells were found to be 1 μM in 24 hours, 0.001 μM in 48 hours, and 0.00001 μM in 72 hours of treatment (P < 0.05). In the clonogenic assay, 0.001 μM dalbergin for 48 hours could reduce the surviving fraction of T47D cells (P < 0.05). Additionally, dalbergin could change the mRNA levels of p53, Bcl-2, and STAT3 genes (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Our results indicated that dalbergin has some anticancer effects probably through inducing apoptosis in cancerous cells by changing mRNA levels of apoptosis-related proteins.
Mohammad Deihimi; Sahar Moghbelinejad; Reza Najafipour; Kazem Parivar; Marjan Nassiri-Asl
Volume 19, Issue 4 , April 2017, , Pages 1-5
Abstract
Background: Idarubicin (IDA), as a chemotherapeutic drug, has side effects on testicular tissue; different studies have shown the protective and antioxidant effects of rutin.Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the protective effects of rutin on damages induced by IDA in the testes of ...
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Background: Idarubicin (IDA), as a chemotherapeutic drug, has side effects on testicular tissue; different studies have shown the protective and antioxidant effects of rutin.Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the protective effects of rutin on damages induced by IDA in the testes of mice.Methods: In the current experimental study, Balb/c mice were divided into 8 groups, including saline (10 mL/kg), rutin (single doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg via intraperitoneal (i.p) as the control groups, saline-IDA group (saline for 7 days, IDA, 10 mg/kg, i.p), rutin 50 and 100 mg/kg for 7 days before IDA, and rutin (single doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg) before IDA. The expression of Bcl2, Caspase3 and Dazl at the mRNA level was assessed.Results: Administration of rutin 100 mg/kg for 7 days before IDA could significantly downregulate Caspase3 expression by 45% compared with saline-7d-IDA (P < 0.001). Also, in the R100-7d-IDA group, the expression level of Dazl (12.4 ± 3.50), Bcl2 (2.5 ± 0.5) significantly increased compared to those of the saline-7d-IDA group (0.84 ± 0.5, 0.12 ± 0.001, respectively) (P < 0.001).Conclusions: It seems that the preventive effects of rutin against damages caused by IDA can be attributed to its ability to reduce apoptosis, which may be mediated by underexpression of Caspase3 and overexpression of Bcl2 genes. Also, it could increase the expression of Dazl that may be important in spermatogenesis.
